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• Regional Impact of Ukraine War in Northeast Asia and Korea’s Strategy towards Russia (Ko, Sangtu)

  Abstract fter the war in Ukraine, what kind of diplomatic strategy have Korea, China, and Japan adopted? Moreover, what kind of strategy towards Russia does Korea need? How can South Korea maintain cooperative relations with Russia? This article aims to provide answers to these questions. Realist strategic thinking is prevalent in Northeast Asia, where the Cold War order remains. The war in Ukraine has been strengthening those characteristics. This article examines the impact of the war in Ukraine on the Korean Peninsula and Northeast Asia. It suggests what strategies should be established and promoted for the stable management of Korea-Russia relations.   For full access to the article, please visit the following site of KCI https://www.kci.go.kr/kciportal/ci/sereArticleSearch/ciSereArtiView.kci?sereArticleSearchBean.artiId=ART002974221   *This article is written in Korean.

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• The dual nature of constraints on foreign worker participation in sports and physical activity in...

    Abstract This study provides a different understanding of the constraints imposed by the pandemic and the official and unofficial restrictions that accompanied it. It is an empirical effort demonstrating that the pandemic's effects are not purely negative, but rather, also helped to produce positive and productive practices that draw upon both the inhibiting and enabling features of the constraints it triggered. Engaging with “productive power” in Foucault by considering constraints as practices that both inhibit and enable, the empirical goal of this paper is to explore how pandemic-related constraints on sports and physical activity prohibit foreign worker participation in sports and physical activity. It also examines how the constraints encourage them to pursue an active life in new and unique ways. To achieve this goal, the paper examines the South Korean context, particularly unskilled foreign workers with E-9 visas for non-professional employment in the fishing, farming, and manufacturing industries and their involvement in sports and physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings address three “inhibitors” that specifically prevented foreign workers from getting actively involved, then demonstrate that explicit restrictions on sports and physical activity can be transformed into four “enablers” that encouraged foreign workers to participate. The conclusion offers critical reflections on Foucault's “ethical subject,” followed by the limitations and implications of the study.   For full access to the article, please visit the following site of Frontiers.   https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspor.2023.1181414/full      

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• Local Governments and Sport Public Diplomacy: Focusing on Historical Sports Exchanges for Peace o...

    Abstract Korean sport has been political and diplomatic practice that should be supposed to follow that way over the history within the geopolitics of inter-Korean relations. Under Japanese colonial rule and great powers of international orders, sport was not only the only way to maintain Korean national identity but also the channel to make independent Korea’s debut in the global community. Sport has been also a practice to represent inter-Korean reconciliation and unification, as well as to show off Korea’s development manifested in the Miracle of Han River. Now in the twenty-first century’s international orders and a changing miIieu of the Korean peninsula, more diverse actors and different approaches are needed. Responding to this call, this study examines the combination of sport and local governments in public diplomacy, and thereby going into the importance of local governments as sport public diplomacy actors to contribute to inter-Korean relations and peace on the Korean peninsula. To do that, it first clarifies what sport public diplomacy refers to in this study by illustrating historical overviews and definitions of sport diplomacy and public diplomacy. Following that, it next draws inter-Korean sports exchanges over the history to delve into the historical transformations of the “peace” discourse-practice nexus. Furthermore, it addresses how local governments as non-state actors have played a role in sport public diplomacy through the ways in which sports talks between two Koreas and Korea-China-Japan sports exchanges have been made over the history. Concluding remarks provide three rationales that reiterate the importance of local governments to lead sport public diplomacy for peace on the Korean peninsula.   For full access to the article, please visit the following site of KCI https://www.kci.go.kr/kciportal/ci/sereArticleSearch/ciSereArtiView.kci?sereArticleSearchBean.artiId=ART002929028     *This article is written in Korean.  

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• Rising of Emerging Security and Evolution of China’s Economic Statecraft on Rare Earths(Lee, Yooc...

    Abstract The purpose of this study is that to examine the changes in the status of economic statecraft based on the concept of security and reviews the evolution of Chinese statecraft, focusing on rare earths. For the purpose of this study, the paper interprets the security linkage of economic statecraft through the concept of emerging security, and examines how China's economic statecraft has been developed. The development of economic statecraft as the emerging security based on the approach of political economy was examined by comparing the before and after of China's rare earth export restriction. It takes a step forward from a fragmentary resource-nationalist realist understanding. Above all, the economic statecraft of sanctions against developed countries will be an important discussion how China will respond to the U.S in the strategic competition of them.   For full access to the article, please visit the following site of KCI https://www.kci.go.kr/kciportal/ci/sereArticleSearch/ciSereArtiView.kci?sereArticleSearchBean.artiId=ART002925544     *This article is written in Korean.        

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• Conflict between the Order and Norms in the War in Ukraine: From the Ethics of Power to Immoralis...

  Abstract      This article aims to derive a different interpretation of the Ukranian war, examining the tension between power, and norms. It considers the ethics of domination, pointing out the limitations of war conceived as im-moral, non-moral, and moral, and attempt to re-approach to the war based on Immoralismus.    For a normative review of the case of the Ukrainian war, this article focuses on just war theory, that is, the debate on pacifism, realism, and justice, not focusing on the international relations theories. In particular, international law and norms are mainly considered as the tool of this article, because the emergence of the modern sovereign state system influenced the normative institutionalization of war, i.e., the formation of international law. Primarily reviewed for the war in Ukraine is jus cogens. This study sheds light on the principle of non-aggression in Article 2 (4) and (7) of the UN Charter and the principle of self-determination, another erga omnes by Article 1(2).    The previous analytical framework reveals various forms of contradiction in the Ukrainian war. The function of ‘hierarchical international law’ enforced and interpreted by power and the discriminatory application of its principles only signify an institutionalized norm as a tool to liberate the guilt of violence through moral norms for the powerful states. Nevertheless, violence and war cannot be posited as a natural act of human beings and non-morality to stop the war.    This article attempts to show the possibility to avoid this dilemma through Immoralismus as an alternative, By this alternative imagination to dismantle the ethics of power, this study attempts to develop how norms should be constituted in the era of unstable transition such as liberation and public politics and post-colonialism.   For full access to the article, please visit the following site of The  Korean Association of International Studies. https://www.kaisnet.or.kr/   *This article is written in Korean.    

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• U.S. BDA Financial Sanctions: Keeping North Korea on a tight leash(Youngduk Jang · JiEun Kim)

  Abstract   This article analyzed the BDA case, which has been effective among the U.S. economic sanctions against North Korea. BDA sanctions have achieved the U.S. primary goal of creating an environment in which North Korea has no choice but to change its attitude. Although the secondary purpose of abandoning nuclear weapons was not achieved through BDA sanctions, it was a remarkable achievement considering that the effectiveness of traditional trade sanctions that the United States has implemented so far has been criticized. BDA sanctions were financial sanctions that froze the financial assets of target countries, not in the form of traditional trade sanctions. As a result of the analysis, these financial sanctions were effective in authoritarian regimes such as North Korea, unlike formal trade sanctions. In the case of trade sanctions, leaders and elites in authoritarian countries can pass on the costs of sanctions to ordinary citizens and receive help from countries that offset the effects of sanctions. Under the U.S. trade sanctions, North Korea relatively handed over the pain caused by sanctions to citizens, avoided regulations through the gray market, and utilized economic relations with China. However, the BDA sanctions, a financial sanction, aimed at North Korea's ‘Winning Coalition', a group that could cause a political change in the face of sanctions according to the ‘Selctorate theory’. It was effective because it held tightly the source of funds for the winning coalition, which must be supported for the leadership's survival, and threatened the political survival of leadership.   For full access to the article, please visit the following site of The Korean Association of Peace Studies. http://peacestudies.or.kr     *This article is written in Korean.  

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• Factors of Strengthening Chinese Nationalism during Xi Jinping period(Youngduk Jang)

  Abstract   This paper aims to analyze the cause of the strengthening of Chinese nationalism during the Xi Jinping period. Since Xi Jinping took power, Chinese nationalism has also been strengthening along with China's expansion of global influence. Chinese nationalism after 1949 is different from modern nationalism. It is characterized by Chinese nationalism and popular nationalism. It not only operates for internal unity in politics but also reacts toexternal threats. Especially with the improvement of China's influence, contradictions around core interests occur frequently, and this contradiction intensifies China's nationalism. In addition, patriotic education led by the authorities made nationalism externally oriented. As a result of the analysis, first, it was confirmed that the ideological and political education for young people was strengthened; second, the development of communication technology and the spread of the Internet and smartphones strengthened nationalism; third, China's core interests were replaced with personal interests.    For full access to the article, please visit the following site of The International Association of Area Studies. http://www.iaas.or.kr/html/sub3_04.asp   *This article is written in Korean.  

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• Status and Problems of International Exchange between Korean and Chinese Local Governments after ...

  Abstract   This paper reviewed the 30th anniversary of Korea-China relations and analyzed international exchanges between local governments in Korea and China. In particular, it explored how exchanges between local governments of the two countries took place, focusing on after the deployment of THAAD, where Korea-China relations were incredibly strained. As a result of the analysis, international exchanges between Korean and Chinese local governments have steadily developed in terms of quantity and quality since establishing diplomatic relations in 1992. Moreover, they have maintained continuous exchanges, such as signing new exchanges, even after relations between countries have been greatly strained. Even after the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, local government international exchanges between two countries continue through the on-tact method and positively affect strained national relations. Nevertheless, the overlapping problem of local governments to be exchanged, the problem of the focus on specific regions, the performance of international exchanges, and the controversy over the foreign travel of local officials are pointed out as essential issues.   For full access to the article, please visit the following site of Korean Association for Chinese Studies. http://www.daehanchi.org/board01/view.php?idx=587   *This article is written in Korean.  

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• A Study on the Perception of Korean News Coverage to China from 1981 to 1992 (Jang, Youngduk)

  Abstract   This paper analyzed how Korean newspaper media perceived China before establishing diplomatic relations between Korea and China, especially from 1981 to 1992. 1) Regarding the volume and subject, first, three newspapers devoted a relatively large amount of paper to Chinese politics. This is because China's domestic political factors were more important than economic factors in Korea-China relations. Second, as relations with China began to improve in the late 1980s, editorials on the theme of Korea-China relations increased rapidly. Third, editorials on related topics as US-China relations and North Korea-China relations were important in Korea-China relations. 2) Regarding the media's perception, first, China began to be recognized as a sovereign state. Second, it began recognizing China as a significant actor in peace settlement on the Korean Peninsula. As relations with China improved, China's role in the Korean Peninsula increased. Third, it showed expectations for economic ties with China. China's reform and openness and establishment of a mutual trade representative were recognized as fundamental challenges and opportunities for Korea's economic development.      For full access to the article, please visit the following site of Korea Institute of Politics and Society. http://www.kips.re.kr/subList/32000000533   *This article is written in Korean.  

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• A Meta-theoretical Review and Alternative Theory of International Politics of Climate Crisis: Pla...

  Abstract   The purpose of this study is to find an alternative theory and to critically review significance and limitations of mainstream theories in international politics under the transnational crisis such as climate crisis. This article reviews existing theories including constructivism through a meta-theoretical approach and analyses ontological transition. This study seeks an alternative theory to overcome positivist mainstream theories, constructivism and the state-centric approach. This study suggests planetary politics as an alternative. The Anthropocene itself is valuable in international politics because of its ontological transition. However, its colonial limitations are a challenge.      For full access to the article, please visit the following site of Korea Citation Index (KCI). https://www.kci.go.kr/kciportal/ci/sereArticleSearch/ciSereArtiView.kci?sereArticleSearchBean.artiId=ART002867769     *This article is written in Korean.  

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