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• Overseas Koreans and New Governance Making in Korea (Jean Young Lee)

    Abstract This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the recent issues surroundingoverseas Koreans in Korea and the governance construction efforts by the Koreangovernment through laws and institutions to address them. With up to approxi-mately 1 million overseas Koreans residing in Korea out of a total of 7.08 million,issues related to immigration to Korea are also pertinent. The burgeoning popula-tion of overseas Koreans and their demands not only affect the central govern-ment’s policies but also impact local communities. This article aims to explorehow the Korean society is legally and institutionally responding to the recent surgein the population of overseas Koreans within Korea. To achieve this goal, the arti-cle focuses on three aspects. First, it analyzes the increase in the population ofoverseas Koreans in Korean society over the past two decades along with the asso-ciated issues from the perspectives of immigration, ethnicity, overseas Koreans,laws and institutions, and central and local governments. Second, it examines thenew laws, institutions, and the interrelationship between the government and over-seas Koreans that have been developed to address the issues raised. Third, it eval-uates the characteristics of the newly established governance of overseas Koreansand identifies any associated problems. Additionally, it discusses the implicationsof the Korean case compared with other countries’ cases. In the era of globaliza-tion and increased human mobility, this article contributes to understandingKorean society’s perspective on and policies toward the group of overseasKoreans in the context of laws and institutions.   For full access to the article, please visit the following site of Pacific Focus, Wiley Online Library. https://doi.org/10.1111/pafo.12249  

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• Social Integration of Foreign Immigrants in South Korean Local Communities (Sangtu Ko)

    Abstract The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the evolving cooperativedynamics of immigrant policy in South Korea, emphasizing the interac-tions between central and local governments, as well as among variouslocal authorities. It discusses the need to empower local governmentswith greater authority and responsibility in implementing immigrant poli-cies, highlighting the importance of collaboration, coordination, andcooperation across multiple layers of governance. The article focuses ontwo case studies, the National Multicultural City Council (NMCC)and the Multicultural Immigrants Plus Center (MIPC), to illustrate thepractical implications of this multi-layered governance approach. Thetheoretical implications of the case studies are rooted in the concept ofmulti-layered governance (MLG) and its application to immigrant policygovernance, providing valuable perspectives for understanding and opti-mizing immigrant policy implementation across diverse socio-politicalcontexts.   For full access to the article, please visit the following site of Pacific Focus, Wiley Online Library. https://doi.org/10.1111/pafo.12247

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• Korea's Practice on Refugee Protection: Focusing on the Refugee Act and Relevant Court Cases (Ser...

      Abstract The Republic of Korea became the first country in East Asia to enact its ownrefugee law, which has been in force since 2013. While the enactment of thenew Refugee Act provided a critical momentum for Korea’s refugee policy toshift from mere immigration control to a more human rights–based approach,Korea has often come under fire for its low rate of refugee admittance. As thenumber of refugee applicants in Korea has drastically surged in recent years,there remain important issues such as improving the efficiency of the refugeeadmissions process. This article explores the key provisions of Korea’s Refu-gee Act along with recent legislative proposals to amend the Refugee Act,and it highlights some court decisions related to refugee issues. By analyzingthe relevant law, court cases, and government policies of Korea, this articleexplores the possibility of setting Korea up as a good exemplar of upholdingthe values of refugee protection in the Asian region.   For full access to the article, please visit the following site of Pacific Focus, Wiley Online Library. https://doi.org/10.1111/pafo.12245

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• Presenting Soviet Korean Identity in a Multicultural Society: Activities of Korean Kolkhoz Polito...

    Abstract    This study explores the overview of Soviet Koreans’ performing arts activi-ties in Uzbekistan, with a particular focus on the activities of the SovietKorean kolkhoz Politotdel’s ensemble Cheongchun during the 1970s and1980s. It aims to clarify the roles and implications of the ensemble in amulticultural society. Since the late 1950s, the Soviet Korean kolkhozes,including Politotdel in the Chirchiq district of the Tashkent oblast,Uzbekistan, have experienced remarkable economic growth. In the culturalmilieu of the Korean people, dance and music were inherently intertwined,occupying a significant position. Initially established as a vocal-instrumentalensemble, Cheongchun always integrated dance and music in its presenta-tions, with dance performances playing a crucial role. An official dancetroupe was formed in 1976, and in 1984, it was merged with the ensembleGayageum. Artistic director and dance teacher Jeong-wook Hwang (1940–),who studied dance in Pyeongyang, Moscow, and Tashkent, made significantcontributions to fostering exchanges with North Korean dancers and activelyincorporating Seung-hee Choi’s North Korean dance elements. Cheongchunhas played a pivotal role in promoting Korean dance and music not only inUzbekistan but also across the entire Soviet Union and the United States,thereby visualizing the identity and positive image of Soviet Koreans asexemplary citizens in a multicultural society.     For full access to the article, please visit the following site of Pacific Focus, Wiley Online Library. https://doi.org/10.1111/pafo.12246  

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• Regional Impact of Ukraine War in Northeast Asia and Korea’s Strategy towards Russia (Ko, Sangtu)

  Abstract fter the war in Ukraine, what kind of diplomatic strategy have Korea, China, and Japan adopted? Moreover, what kind of strategy towards Russia does Korea need? How can South Korea maintain cooperative relations with Russia? This article aims to provide answers to these questions. Realist strategic thinking is prevalent in Northeast Asia, where the Cold War order remains. The war in Ukraine has been strengthening those characteristics. This article examines the impact of the war in Ukraine on the Korean Peninsula and Northeast Asia. It suggests what strategies should be established and promoted for the stable management of Korea-Russia relations.   For full access to the article, please visit the following site of KCI https://www.kci.go.kr/kciportal/ci/sereArticleSearch/ciSereArtiView.kci?sereArticleSearchBean.artiId=ART002974221   *This article is written in Korean.

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• The dual nature of constraints on foreign worker participation in sports and physical activity in...

    Abstract This study provides a different understanding of the constraints imposed by the pandemic and the official and unofficial restrictions that accompanied it. It is an empirical effort demonstrating that the pandemic's effects are not purely negative, but rather, also helped to produce positive and productive practices that draw upon both the inhibiting and enabling features of the constraints it triggered. Engaging with “productive power” in Foucault by considering constraints as practices that both inhibit and enable, the empirical goal of this paper is to explore how pandemic-related constraints on sports and physical activity prohibit foreign worker participation in sports and physical activity. It also examines how the constraints encourage them to pursue an active life in new and unique ways. To achieve this goal, the paper examines the South Korean context, particularly unskilled foreign workers with E-9 visas for non-professional employment in the fishing, farming, and manufacturing industries and their involvement in sports and physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings address three “inhibitors” that specifically prevented foreign workers from getting actively involved, then demonstrate that explicit restrictions on sports and physical activity can be transformed into four “enablers” that encouraged foreign workers to participate. The conclusion offers critical reflections on Foucault's “ethical subject,” followed by the limitations and implications of the study.   For full access to the article, please visit the following site of Frontiers.   https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspor.2023.1181414/full      

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• Local Governments and Sport Public Diplomacy: Focusing on Historical Sports Exchanges for Peace o...

    Abstract Korean sport has been political and diplomatic practice that should be supposed to follow that way over the history within the geopolitics of inter-Korean relations. Under Japanese colonial rule and great powers of international orders, sport was not only the only way to maintain Korean national identity but also the channel to make independent Korea’s debut in the global community. Sport has been also a practice to represent inter-Korean reconciliation and unification, as well as to show off Korea’s development manifested in the Miracle of Han River. Now in the twenty-first century’s international orders and a changing miIieu of the Korean peninsula, more diverse actors and different approaches are needed. Responding to this call, this study examines the combination of sport and local governments in public diplomacy, and thereby going into the importance of local governments as sport public diplomacy actors to contribute to inter-Korean relations and peace on the Korean peninsula. To do that, it first clarifies what sport public diplomacy refers to in this study by illustrating historical overviews and definitions of sport diplomacy and public diplomacy. Following that, it next draws inter-Korean sports exchanges over the history to delve into the historical transformations of the “peace” discourse-practice nexus. Furthermore, it addresses how local governments as non-state actors have played a role in sport public diplomacy through the ways in which sports talks between two Koreas and Korea-China-Japan sports exchanges have been made over the history. Concluding remarks provide three rationales that reiterate the importance of local governments to lead sport public diplomacy for peace on the Korean peninsula.   For full access to the article, please visit the following site of KCI https://www.kci.go.kr/kciportal/ci/sereArticleSearch/ciSereArtiView.kci?sereArticleSearchBean.artiId=ART002929028     *This article is written in Korean.  

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• Rising of Emerging Security and Evolution of China’s Economic Statecraft on Rare Earths(Lee, Yooc...

    Abstract The purpose of this study is that to examine the changes in the status of economic statecraft based on the concept of security and reviews the evolution of Chinese statecraft, focusing on rare earths. For the purpose of this study, the paper interprets the security linkage of economic statecraft through the concept of emerging security, and examines how China's economic statecraft has been developed. The development of economic statecraft as the emerging security based on the approach of political economy was examined by comparing the before and after of China's rare earth export restriction. It takes a step forward from a fragmentary resource-nationalist realist understanding. Above all, the economic statecraft of sanctions against developed countries will be an important discussion how China will respond to the U.S in the strategic competition of them.   For full access to the article, please visit the following site of KCI https://www.kci.go.kr/kciportal/ci/sereArticleSearch/ciSereArtiView.kci?sereArticleSearchBean.artiId=ART002925544     *This article is written in Korean.        

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• Conflict between the Order and Norms in the War in Ukraine: From the Ethics of Power to Immoralis...

  Abstract      This article aims to derive a different interpretation of the Ukranian war, examining the tension between power, and norms. It considers the ethics of domination, pointing out the limitations of war conceived as im-moral, non-moral, and moral, and attempt to re-approach to the war based on Immoralismus.    For a normative review of the case of the Ukrainian war, this article focuses on just war theory, that is, the debate on pacifism, realism, and justice, not focusing on the international relations theories. In particular, international law and norms are mainly considered as the tool of this article, because the emergence of the modern sovereign state system influenced the normative institutionalization of war, i.e., the formation of international law. Primarily reviewed for the war in Ukraine is jus cogens. This study sheds light on the principle of non-aggression in Article 2 (4) and (7) of the UN Charter and the principle of self-determination, another erga omnes by Article 1(2).    The previous analytical framework reveals various forms of contradiction in the Ukrainian war. The function of ‘hierarchical international law’ enforced and interpreted by power and the discriminatory application of its principles only signify an institutionalized norm as a tool to liberate the guilt of violence through moral norms for the powerful states. Nevertheless, violence and war cannot be posited as a natural act of human beings and non-morality to stop the war.    This article attempts to show the possibility to avoid this dilemma through Immoralismus as an alternative, By this alternative imagination to dismantle the ethics of power, this study attempts to develop how norms should be constituted in the era of unstable transition such as liberation and public politics and post-colonialism.   For full access to the article, please visit the following site of The  Korean Association of International Studies. https://www.kaisnet.or.kr/   *This article is written in Korean.    

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• U.S. BDA Financial Sanctions: Keeping North Korea on a tight leash(Youngduk Jang · JiEun Kim)

  Abstract   This article analyzed the BDA case, which has been effective among the U.S. economic sanctions against North Korea. BDA sanctions have achieved the U.S. primary goal of creating an environment in which North Korea has no choice but to change its attitude. Although the secondary purpose of abandoning nuclear weapons was not achieved through BDA sanctions, it was a remarkable achievement considering that the effectiveness of traditional trade sanctions that the United States has implemented so far has been criticized. BDA sanctions were financial sanctions that froze the financial assets of target countries, not in the form of traditional trade sanctions. As a result of the analysis, these financial sanctions were effective in authoritarian regimes such as North Korea, unlike formal trade sanctions. In the case of trade sanctions, leaders and elites in authoritarian countries can pass on the costs of sanctions to ordinary citizens and receive help from countries that offset the effects of sanctions. Under the U.S. trade sanctions, North Korea relatively handed over the pain caused by sanctions to citizens, avoided regulations through the gray market, and utilized economic relations with China. However, the BDA sanctions, a financial sanction, aimed at North Korea's ‘Winning Coalition', a group that could cause a political change in the face of sanctions according to the ‘Selctorate theory’. It was effective because it held tightly the source of funds for the winning coalition, which must be supported for the leadership's survival, and threatened the political survival of leadership.   For full access to the article, please visit the following site of The Korean Association of Peace Studies. http://peacestudies.or.kr     *This article is written in Korean.  

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